10.32 to Flow
- S. dannen n. “ebb, lowtide”
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A noun for “ebb, lowtide” appearing in notes on Variation D/L in Common Eldarin from the late 1960s as the Sindarin equivalent of nanwë “flood, high tide” (VT48/24). It is probably a combination of dan “back” and nen “water” as suggested by Patrick Wynne (VT48/32 note #19).
- S. duinen n. “flood, high tide”
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A noun for “flood, high tide” in notes on Variation D/L in Common Eldarin from the late 1960s (VT48/24, 26). It is probably a combination of the root √DUY “flood” and S. nen “water” as suggested by Patrick Wynne (VT48/32 note #19).
- G. laud n. “tide, motion of the sea; ⚠️flood; high tide”
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A noun appearing as G. laud in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s with glosses “1) flood, 2) high tide, 3) tide, motion of the sea”, the third meaning also assigned to a longer variant G. olaud or olod, all of these based on the early root ᴱ√LUTU (GL/53). The longer variant appears as oland [sic], olod “tide, motion of sea” later in GL (GL/62), but I believe oland is a slip or misreading for olaud.
Conceptual Development: Since √LUT “float” survives in Tolkien’s later writings (VT42/18; Ety/LUT), I would retain ᴺS. laud for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, but only for the limited sense “tide, motion of the sea”. For “flood, high tide” I would use the later word duinen.
- N. rhib- n. “to flow like a torrent”
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A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “to flow like a (?torrent)” [the last word is unclear] under the root ᴹ√RIP “rush, fly, fling” (Ety/RIP). It was related to the name N. Rhibdath or Rhimdath “Rushdown”. It had a past form rhimp followed by another form rhimmo, possibly a Noldorin-style infinitive of a longer variant *rhimma-.
Neo-Sindarin: Most Neo-Sindarin writers adapt this Noldorin word as ᴺS. rib- “arm” as suggested in Hiswelókë’s Sindarin Dictionary (HSD), since the unvoicing of initial r to rh was a feature of Noldorin of the 1930s but not Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s.
- N. siria- n. “to flow”
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A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing as its [Noldorin-style] infinitive sirio “flow”, derived from ON. sirya- under the root ᴹ√SIR “flow” (Ety/SIR). In this document, its Quenya equivalent was ᴹQ. sir- “flow” (Ety/SIR), but by 1948 Tolkien had introduced ᴹQ. sirya- “flow” as well (PE22/114).
- G. siriol n. “flowing, fluent, liquid, mellifluous”
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An adjective appearing as G. siriol “flowing, fluent, liquid, mellifluous” in the Gnomish Lexicon, related to G. sîr “river” (GL/67-68).
Neo-Sindarin: I think ᴺS. siriol “flowing, fluent, liquid, mellifluous” can be retained for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, reconceived as an active participle of the later verb [N.] siria- “flow”.
- N. thórod n. “torrent”
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A noun for “torrent” in The Etymologies of the 1930s based on the root ᴹ√THOR “come swooping down” (Ety/THOR; EtyAC/THOR). In The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road Christopher Tolkien gave the form as thórod (LR/393), but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne corrected this to thôrod in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT46/19). However, in normal Sindarin/Noldorin orthography ô is only used for monosyllables, so thórod is the expected form.
- G. ulna- n. “to ooze, *trickle”
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A verb appearing as G. ulna- “ooze” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/74), clearly based on the early root ᴱ√ULU “pour, flow fast” from the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon (QL/97). A rejected verb G. gul- “ooze, trickle” from earlier in GL is probably a precursor reflecting a different conception of the root: *ᴱ√ƷULU (GL/43).
Neo-Sindarin: Since √UL “pour” survives in Tolkien’s later writings, I retain but adapt this verb as ᴺS. olla- “ooze, trickle”, the likeliest result of Sindarin phonetic development from primitive *ulna-.