ᴹ√I¹ “that (deictic particle); [ᴱ√] here it is, root of relatives” A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “that (deictic particle)” (Ety/I¹). A similar root appeared in the Qenya and Gnomish Lexicons of the 1910s glossed “here it is” (QL/41) and “root of relatives” (GL/50). Given Tolkien’s long
Select Primitive Elvish Roots: HAN-HOR
√HAN “add to, increase, enhance, enrich, honour (especially by gift); give” This root did not explicitly appear until very late in Tolkien writing, in 1969-1970, but there were a few earlier precursors. Wynne, Smith, and Hostetter suggested the preposition Q. han “beyond” from Quenya prayers of the 1950s might be
Select Primitive Elvish Roots: GWAL-GYEL
√GWAL “be stirred, excited; emotion, movement of feelings” This root appeared in a couple different notes from the late 1950s, as {√GWAL} >> √WAL “emotion, movement of feelings” in one (PE17/189) and as √GWAL “be stirred, excited” in the other (PE17/154). However, its one Sindarin derivative balch “fierce, ferocious” (PE17/154)
Select Primitive Elvish Roots: GAL-GUR
√GAL¹ “light; shine, be bright” A Sindarin-only root for “light; shine”, a variant of √KAL of the same meaning. Its most notable derivative is S. galad “radiance, light”, an element in the names Galadriel and Gil-galad. This root did not explicitly appear in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, where
Select Primitive Elvish Roots: EK-ETER
√EK “(sharp) point, spear, thorn” The root √EK was associated with pointed things for all of Tolkien’s life. It first appeared as the root ᴱ√EKE with variant ᴱ√EHE [eχe] in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/35), and as eke and eχe in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon where Tolkien made
Select Primitive Elvish Roots: DAL-ÐOTO
√DAL “bottom, ground; [ᴹ√] flat” This root first appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s as ᴹ√DAL with the gloss “flat” and various derivatives of similar meaning (Ety/DAL). It reappeared again in later notes as √DAL “bottom, ground” written in the late 1950s or early 1960s (PE17/150). In both places,
Select Primitive Elvish Roots: BĀ-BOR
ᴹ√√BĀ/ABA “refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial), [ᴹ√] deny; [rejected] ️away, go away, depart” The invertible root √BA or √ABA was principally connected to refusal, and its best known derivative was Avari, the group of Elves that refused to travel to Valinor. When Tolkien first introduce the
Select Primitive Elvish Roots: A-AYAN
ᴹ√A “intensive prefix” An “intensive” root addition described by Tolkien in The Etymologies from the 1930s (EtyAC/A). It was one of two basic intensive mechanisms, along with the (syllabic) prefixed N- (EtyAC/N). The prefixed vowel a- seems to have been used originally in Primitive Elvish when the base vowel was
Eldamo 0.7.8
I’ve release Eldamo 0.7.8. Main Site: https://eldamo.org/ Mirror Site: http://pfstrack.github.io/eldamo/ This release publishes the Sindarin analysis I’ve done in 2020.
Sindarin Grammar P53: Adverbs
DISCLAIMER: This article is preliminary research on the part of its author (Paul Strack) and does not necessarily reflect the opinions of the owner of this site. Since the source material is complex and its interpretation can be subjective, multiple conclusions are possible. One notable feature of Sindarin is that