10.38 to Blow
- Q. hlapu- v. “to blow, fly or stream in the wind”
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A verb glossed “fly or stream in the wind” (MC/223) from the Markirya poem of the 1960s appearing in its active participle form within the phrase winga hlápula “the foam blowing” (MC/222).
Conceptual Development: The version of ᴱQ. Oilima Markirya from around 1930 instead had ᴱQ. pusta- in the phrase ᴱQ. falma pustane of the “the foam blowing” (MC/213). Earlier still the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. pus- “blow, snort” derived from the root ᴱ√PUSU “puff, blow, puff out, make swell” (QL/76). However, in The Etymologies from around 1937, ᴹQ. pusta- instead meant “to stop” (Ety/PUS), and the verb for “puff” was ᴹQ. hwesta- (Ety/SWES).
- ᴹQ. hwesta- v. “to puff”
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A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “to puff” derived from primitive ᴹ✶swesta- under the root ᴹ√SWES “noise of blowing or breathing” (Ety/SWES).
- Q. surya- [þ-] v. “to blow (intr.)”
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A verb in notes from around 1957 glossed “blow, intr.”, derived from primitive ✶thusya- based on the root √THU(S) “blow, cause an air movement” (NM/239). It had a half-strong past tense surinyë.
Conceptual Development: Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s had a similar verb ᴱQ. sur- “blow” (PE16/134), also appearing in its masculine form surdon in the untranslated phrase ᴱQ. surussin surdon lausto in very early drafts of the ᴱQ. Oilima Markirya poem from this period (PE16/57).
- Q. sussë [þ-] n. “puff (of air)”
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A noun in notes from around 1957, glossed “puff (of air)” and derived from √THU(S) “blow, cause an air movement” (NM/237).
Conceptual Development: The noun ᴱQ. pusse “a puff” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√PUSU of similar meaning, followed by a more elaborate form ᴱQ. pusilla “puff, whiff, breeze”, perhaps a diminutive (QL/76).
- Q. susta- [þ-] v. “to blow (tr.)”
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A verb in notes from around 1957 given as susta or sūta “blow (intr.)”, derived from primitive ✶thusta- or ✶thūta- based on the √THU(S) “blow, cause an air movement” (NM/239 and NM/240 note #9). The first of these appeared in the untranslated phrase sustanë Manwëo súlë ten i indo Sindicollo, probably meaning “*the spirit of Manwe blew unto the heart of Thingol” as suggested by Carl Hostetter (NM/240 note #7).
Neo-Quenya: Since it appears in a sentence, I prefer susta- over súta- for purposes of Neo-Quenya.
- G. faf- v. “to puff, blow, pant”
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A verb appearing as G. faf- “puff, blow, pant” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/33). It was perhaps related to the early root ᴱ√FAGA that was the basis for ᴱQ. Fâ = Vilna “lowest air” (QL/37), but GL indicated that G. Fâ was based on a different root than G. faf-.
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would update this verb to ᴺS. faw- “to puff, blow, pant” based on the later root √PHAW “emit”; compare to S. faw that is cognate to Q. föa “breath, puff of breath” (PE17/181). This neologism faw- could be inflected like caw- “to taste” < √KYAW.
- G. sûtha- v. “to blow (of wind)”
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A verb appearing as G. sûtha- “blow (of wind)” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/68), related to G. sû “noise of wind” and thus probably based on the early root ᴱ√SUH(Y)U (QL/86) as suggested by Christopher Tolkien, though he miswrote this verb as súltha (LT1A/Súlimo).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would update this verb to ᴺS. súda- “to blow (of wind)”, since √SŪ “move with audible sound (of air)” survived in Tolkien’s later writings, but -tha was no longer a common verbal suffix in Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s.
- S. thos n. “puff (of air)”
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A noun in notes from around 1957, glossed “puff (of air)” and derived from √THU(S) “blow, cause an air movement” (NM/237).