11.83 to Trade
- ᴹQ. manka- v. “to trade”
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A verb given as ᴹQ. {mahta- >> māka- >>} manka- “trade” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√MBAKH “exchange” (Ety/MBAKH).
- ᴹQ. mankale n. “commerce, *trade [as an activity]”
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A noun given as ᴹQ. {mahtale >>} mankale “commerce” in The Etymologies of the 1930s based on ᴹQ. {mahta- >>} manka- “trade” (Ety/MBAKH).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. vaktele “trade” based on ᴱQ. vat (vakt-) “wares” (QL/99).
- ᴱQ. qapa- v. “to chaffer, bargain, swap, barter”
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A verb appearing as ᴱQ. qapa- “chaffer, bargain, swap, barter” in the Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√QAPA “chaffer” [= haggle] (QL/76).
Neo-Quenya: I would retain ᴺQ. quap- “chaffer, bargain, swap, barter” for purposes of Neo-Quenya derived from a Neo-Root ᴺS. √KWAP, since we otherwise have very few words having to do with commerce.
- ᴱQ. qapta n. “deal, bargain”
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A noun appearing as ᴱQ. qapta “deal, bargain” in the Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√QAPA “chaffer” [= haggle] (QL/76).
Neo-Quenya: I would retain ᴺQ. quapta “deal, bargain” for purposes of Neo-Quenya derived from a Neo-Root ᴺS. √KWAP, since we otherwise have very few words having to do with commerce.
- ᴱQ. qapta- v. “to exchange”
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A verb appearing as ᴱQ. qapta- “exchange” in the Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√QAPA “chaffer” [= haggle] (QL/76).
Neo-Quenya: I would retain ᴺQ. quapta- “to exchange” for purposes of Neo-Quenya derived from a Neo-Root ᴺS. √KWAP, since we otherwise have very few words having to do with commerce.
- ᴱQ. qaptale v. “exchange”
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A noun appearing as ᴱQ. qaptale “exchange” in the Qenya Lexicon based on ᴱQ. qapta- “[to] exchange” (QL/76).
Neo-Quenya: Since I retain ᴺQ. quapta- “to exchange”, I would retain the noun form ᴺQ. quaptalë “exchange” as well for purposes of Neo-Quenya.
- ᴱN. bagod n. “trade, trading”
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The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had a noun G. banc “trade” related to G. bag- “sell, trade” (GL/21). Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s had ᴱN. bagod “trade, trading” (PE13/138).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would revise these words to ᴺS. bangad “trade, trading” based on the later verb form [N.] banga- “trade”.
- N. banga- [mb] v. “o trade, *sell”
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A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing as {bactha- >>} banga- “trade” under the root ᴹ√MBAKH “exchange” (Ety/MBAKH).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. bag- “sell, trade” that Tolkien indicated was originally related to G. bad- “travel” (GL/21). Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s had ᴱN. bag- {“sell” >>} “to sell, trade” (PE13/138).