11.84 Merchant, Tradesman
- ᴹQ. makar n. “tradesman, *trader, merchant”
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A noun appearing as ᴹQ. makar “tradesman” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, an agental formation based on the root ᴹ√MBAKH “exchange” (Ety/MBAKH). The initial element mak- may reflect an alternate (earlier?) form of the root *√MBAK; compare G. bag- and ᴱN. bag- “trade” from the 1910s and 20s (GL/21; PE13/138), and N. {bagor >>} bachor “pedlar” from The Etymologies itself (EtyAC/MBAKH).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. vaktelear “merchant” based on ᴱQ. vaktele “trade” under the early root ᴱ√VAKA (QL/99), the likely precursor to ᴹ√MBAKH.
Neo-Quenya: Since mak- cannot be a direct derivation of ᴹ√MBAKH, I would instead adapt this word as ᴺQ. mahar “tradesman, *trader, merchant”. Luinyelle and Vyacheslav Stepanov instead suggested ᴺQ. mancaro in a 2022-10-03 post to the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), based on the verb ᴹQ. manka- “trade”. I personally would also use ᴺQ. manco “tradesman” as an adaptation of ᴱQ. vanko.
- ᴱQ. qampo n. “pedlar, huckster”
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A noun appearing as ᴱQ. qampo “pedlar, huckster” in the Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√QAPA “chaffer” [= haggle] (QL/76).
Neo-Quenya: I would retain ᴺQ. quampo “pedlar, huckster” for purposes of Neo-Quenya derived from a Neo-Root ᴺS. √KWAP, since we otherwise have very few words having to do with commerce.
- ᴱQ. vanco n. “tradesman”
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A noun appearing as ᴱQ. vanko “tradesman” in the Qenya Lexicon under the early root ᴱ√VAKA (QL/99).
Neo-Quenya: Merchant words where later transferred to the root ᴹ√MBAKH, so I would adapt this word as ᴺQ. manco “tradesman” for purposes of Neo-Quenya, , based on [ᴹQ.] manca- “trade”.
- N. bachor n. “pedlar, *trader, merchant”
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A noun appearing as {bagor >>} bachor “pedlar” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√MBAKH “exchange” (Ety/MBAKH; EtyAC/MBAKH).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would use bachor for “*trader, merchant” as well, to replace Early Noldorin and Gnomish words (see below).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had [rejected] G. {badweg “traveller, pedlar”}, [rejected] G. {bancron “merchant”}, and [retained] G. bagron “trader”, the first based on G. bad- “travel” and the last two based on G. bag- “trade” (GL/21). Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s had ᴱN. be(i)gion “trader”, again based on ᴱN. bag- “trade” (PE13/138).
11.85 Market (place)
- ᴹQ. armar n. “goods”
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A plural noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “goods” derived from the root ᴹ√GAR (Ety/GAR). It was initially given as singular arma meaning {“possessions, goods, property” >>} “a piece of good or property” (EtyAC/GAR, ƷAR).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. vakt- “wares” under the early root ᴱ√VAKA (QL/99).
- N. bach n. “article (for exchange), ware, thing”
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A noun for “article (for exchange), ware, thing” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from ᴹ✶mbakhā under the root ᴹ√MBAKH “exchange” (Ety/MBAKH; EtyAC/MBAKH).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. bagri “wares” based on G. bag- “trade” (GL/21). Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s had ᴱN. bagru “wares”, still based on ᴱN. bag- “trade” (PE13/138).
- ᴱN. bagarth n. “market”
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The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. bageth, first given as the equivalent of G. banc “trade” and then revised to mean “market” (GL/21). It was marked “pl.” indicating it was a plural word, and was clearly based on G. bag- “trade” (GL/21). Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s had ᴱN. bagarth “market”, also based on ᴱN. bag- “trade” (PE13/138).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin I would adapt these “market” words as ᴺS. bangath, an abstract noun based on the later verb [N.] banga- “trade”.