11.48 Heir ᴹQ. aryon n. “heir” Two similar words appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s: ᴹQ. aryon “heir” as a derivative of the root ᴹ√GAR, and ᴹQ. haryon “(heir) prince” as a derivative of the root ᴹ√ƷAR, both roots having to do with possession (Ety/GAR; Ety/ƷAR). Drafts of these
Select Elvish Words
Studies on selected elvish words to sort out their semantics.
Select Elvish Words 11.43-11.46: Money, Coin, Treasure
11.43 Money ᴱN. pant n. “money” A word appearing as ᴱN. pant “money” in the Early Noldorin Grammar of the 1920s (PE13/124), possibly related to the early root ᴱ√PANA “arrange” (QL/72). Tolkien indicated this noun was inherently plural. Neo-Sindarin: Since √PAN “arrange” survived in Tolkien’s later writings, I would retain
Select Elvish Words 11.41-11.42: Property, Wealth
11.41 Property Q. aura n. “possession, thing owned” A noun for “a possession or thing owned” in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969, derived from √AW “possess, own, keep” (PE22/151). ᴱQ. autë n. “property, ⚠️goods, wealth, money” A noun for “goods, property, wealth, money” in the Qenya Lexicon
Select Elvish Words 11.33-11.34: to Lose; to Release
11.33 to Lose Q. rov- v. “to lose” A verb for “to lose” appearing in notes from the late 1940s in its perfect form róvie “[had] lost” (PE23/92). G. laith(r)a- v. “to let slip, lose, mislay; (intr.) to be lost; to forget” A verb appearing as G. laitha- or laithra-
Select Elvish Words 11.31-11.32: to Seek; to Find
11.31 to Seek Q. ces- [þ] v. “to search, examine (in order to find something)” A verb in notes from 1964 meaning “to search (for something), to examine (something) in order to find (something)”, based on the root √KEÞ “enquire of, question, or examine something” (PE17/156). Conceptual Development: The Qenya
Select Elvish Words 11.29: to Spoil
11.29 to Spoil ᴱQ. hessa adj. “withered, ⚠️dead” An adjective appearing as ᴱQ. hessa “dead, withered” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√HESE “wither” (QL/40). Neo-Quenya: I would retain ᴺQ. hessa “withered” for purposes of Neo-Quenya derived from the Neo-Root ᴺ√KHES, but would use other
Select Elvish Words 11.28: to Harm, Injure, Damage
11.28 to Harm, Injure, Damage Q. alahasta adj. “unmarred” A word for “unmarred” in one of the names for “Arda Unmarred”, Arda Alahasta (MR/254). It is a negation of hasta- “mar”. There was a similar word úχarin “unmarred” as a negation of χarina from around this time marked “A.”, perhaps
Select Elvish Words 11.27: to Destroy
11.27 to Destroy ᴱQ. faikar n. “destroyer, ⚠️slayer; bane” A word appearing as ᴱQ. faikar in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s as the equivalent of G. fecthir “destroyer, slayer; bane” which in turn was derived from G. fectha- “destroy, ruin, spoil” (GL/34). Neo-Quenya: I have coined ᴺQ. fehta- “destroy”
Select Elvish Words 11.25: to Save, Rescue
11.25 to Save, Rescue Q. etelehta- v. “*to deliver, (lit.) free from” The various drafts of Átaremma prayers from the 1950s used two different words for “deliver”: et(e)rúna- in versions I-IV and etelehta- in versions V-IV. Both start with et “out”. For et(e)rúna- the second element was rūna “free” as
Select Elvish Words 11.24: to Save, Preserve, Keep Safe
11.24 to Save, Preserve, Keep Safe ᴱQ. alatya- v. “to ward off, shield [against], ⚠️protect” A verb appearing as ᴱQ. alatya- in the Early Noldorin Dictionary of the 1920s, derived from primitive ᴱ✶alakya- and cognate to ᴱN. elaig- “to shield, ward off, protect” (PE13/158). It is followed by two forms