9.51 Beam ᴹQ. andul n. “long pole” A word appearing in the Declension of Nouns (DN) glossed “long pole” (PE21/33), perhaps related to anda “long”. ᴹQ. hana n. “post” A word for “post” in notes on the The Feanorian Alphabet from the 1940s (PE21/33) of unclear derivation, serving as an
Select Elvish Words 9.49-9.50: Hammer, Nail
9.49 Hammer ᴹQ. namba n. “hammer” A noun for “a hammer” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√NDAM “hammer, beat” (Ety/NDAM). Tolkien wrote an l/ above this word, possibly indicating a variant form lamba (EtyAC/NDAM). This variant is consistent with the alternate form of the root: ᴹ√DAM
Select Elvish Words 9.46-9.48: Bore, Auger, Saw
9.46 to Bore ᴱQ. ter- v. “*to pierce” The verb ᴱQ. ter- appeared untranslated in a list of Qenya Verb Forms from the 1910s (PE14/28). Patrick Wynne and Christopher Gilson suggested it might be based on the early root ᴱ√teře “pierce” from this same period (PE14/28 note #4; PME/91). Conceptual
Select Elvish Words 9.45-9.455: to Hew, Prick, Stab
9.45 to Hew Q. mac- v. “to hew (with a sword), *swing (a sword); ⚠️[ᴱQ.] to slay; to die” A verb in notes associated with the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60, appearing in its aorist form make “hews with a sword” and derived from the root √MAK “cut, hew
Select Elvish Words 9.43-9.44: Carpenter, to Build
9.43 Carpenter ᴹQ. samno n. “carpenter, wright, builder” A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing as {sauro >>} samno “carpenter, wright, builder” derived from primitive ᴹ✶stabnō under the root ᴹ√STAB having to do with (wooden) rooms and building (Ety/STAB), where the ancient bn nasalized to mn. For purposes
Select Elvish Words 9.42-9.423: Craftsman, Tool, to Use
9.42 Artisan, Craftsman Q. ahto n. “wright, maker” A word for “maker, wright” used a suffix in the first version of Tengwesta Qenderinwa (TQ1) from the 1930s, derived from ᴹ✶(a)k’tō as an abnormal vocalization of the root ᴹ√KAT “make” (PE18/62). The word ahto reappeared in the second version of Tengwesta
Select Elvish Words 9.412-9.413: Art, Horn, Trumpet
9.412 Art Q. mairë n “art, work of high and beautiful art, process of producing an art work” A word in Quenya Notes (QN) from 1957 that Tolkien described as meaning “a work (or the process of producing a work) of high and beautiful art” based on the root √MAY
Select Elvish Words 9.41: Craft, Trade
9.41 Craft, Trade Q. arimaitë adj. “[most] skillful, *gifted” A word glossed “skilful” in Quenya Notes from 1957 (QN), a combination of maitë “-handed” with the superlative prefix ar(i)- (PE17/162). Elsewhere maitë by itself was glossed “skilful” (VT47/6), so perhaps this word was more intensive, meaning “*most skillful”. Neo-Quenya: In
Select Elvish Words 9.35-9.38: to Pour, Wash, Sweep; Broom
9.35 to Pour ᴹQ. kalpa- v. “to draw water, scoop out, bale out” A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “draw water, scoop out, bale out” derived from the root ᴹ√KALPA “water-vessel” (Ety/KALPA). Q. púlima v. “pourable, liquid” An adjective in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from
Select Elvish Words 9.34-9.342: to Strew, Spread Out, Press
9.34 to Strew, Spread Out ᴹQ. kapta- v. “to make spring, scatter; [ᴱQ.] to startle, ⚠️leap” A verb appearing in the initial drafts of Outline of Phonetic Development (OP1) for the 1930s as ᴹQ. kapta- “make spring, scatter”, a combination of ᴹ√KAP “leap” with the causative suffix ᴹ✶-tā so more