12.392 Out, Outside
- Q. ava adv. and adj. “[ᴹQ.] outside, beyond; outer, exterior”
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A word that is an element in Avallónë “Outer Isle” (S/260). ᴹQ. ava was glossed “outside, beyond” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under from the root ᴹ√AWA “away, forth; out” (Ety/AWA), and it was glossed “outer, exterior” in notes on the Ambarkanta from the early 1930s (SM/241). Give its root, it likely means “outer” in the sense “further away”.
- Q. est adj. “outwards”
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The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. est “outwards” based on the early root ᴱ√ESE (QL/36).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya I would adapt this word as ᴺQ. esta “outwards”, a combination of the later root √ET “out” with the ancient allative suffix ✶-da, with t + d > st.
- Q. et prep. “out (of)”
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The basic Quenya preposition for “out”, as seen in et Eärello Endorenna utúlien “Out of the Great Sea to Middle-earth I am come” (LotR/967). It is derived from the root √ET of the same meaning. In most of its appearances, the following noun also has the ablative case, and in The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien said “et with ablative = out of: Et elendellor” (EtyAC/ET).
It is less clear whether et can be used without the ablative, and what it means in such cases. We have only one example: et i péti, untranslated but probably meaning “*out of the lips” (VT47/35). This example seems to have the same meaning as et + ablative, meaning movement out of the mouth. But I think et without the ablative might also be used to indicate position as in et i coa “out of the house” = “outside the house (not leaving from it)”. It might even be possible to use the allative with et, such as et i ulonna “out into the rain”.
- Q. et(e)- pref. “[ᴹQ.] forth, out”
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A prefix for “out” implied by words like et-henta “read aloud” = “*read out” (PE17/77) and eteminya “prominent” = “*out first” (VT42/24). The prefix ᴹQ. et- appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√ET “out, forth” (Ety/ET).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had prefixes ᴱQ. ere- “out” and ᴱQ. es- based on the early roots ᴱ√ERE [EÐE] and ᴱ√ESE (QL/36).
- ᴹQ. etse n. “outside, exterior”
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A word in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “outside, exterior” under the root ᴹ√ET “out, forth”, revised from a difficult-to-read gloss, perhaps “issuing spring” (EtyAC/ET).
- ᴹQ. ette adj. and adv. “outside”
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A word for “outside” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√ET “out, forth” (Ety/ET).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. erus or erusta “outside” based on ᴱQ. eru “outward” (QL/36).
- S. ed prep. and pref. “out, out of, [N.] forth”
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The basic Sindarin word for “out”. In The Etymologies of the 1930s it appeared in prefixal form N. ed- under the root ᴹ√ET “forth, out” (Ety/ET). In the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60, Tolkien said ed “out, out of” was a derivative of primitive ✶et (WJ/367), with hints that this preposition cause stop mutation; see that entry for details.
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. {ed “close by” >>} edh “outside, on borders of, near, hard by, beside” with specialized mutations, probably an early version of stop mutation (GL/31). At this early stage it was likely derived from the root ᴱ√ERE [EÐE] “out” (QL/36).