13.21 Full
- Q. ataquanta- v. “*to refill, fill a second time, double fill”
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A word appearing in notes from 1959 as a combination of at(a)- “double, second time” and quanta- “fill”, but Tolkien translated it as “refall, fall second time, double fall” (PE17/166). Helge Fauskanger suggested the translation should have “fall” >> “fill” (QQ/ataquanta).
- Q. enquanta- v. “to refill”
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A verb for “refill”, a combination of en- “re-” and quanta- “fill” (PE17/68, 167), appearing most notably in the Namárië poem in the phrase sí man i yulma nin enquantuva? “who now shall refill the cup for me?” (LotR/0377).
- Q. -inqua suf. “-ful, complete”
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An adjective suffix for “-full” mentioned in the Quendi and Eldar (Q&E) essay form 1959-60 (WJ/412 note #21) and appearing in words like alcarinqua “glorious” = “*glory-full”. Tolkien indicated it had a variant -unqua where “forms using u were mainly applied to things heavy, clumsy, ugly or bad” (WJ/415 note #31).
- Q. penquanta adj. “full to the brim, with mouth full”
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A word in notes from 1959-60 meaning “full to the brim, with mouth full” (VT39/11), a combination of √PEÑ “mouth, lip” and quanta “full” (VT39/11). Presumably it is used when a container is full of liquid up to a lip or brim.
- Q. quanta adj. “full, filled; ⚠️[ᴱQ.] whole, all”
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A very well attested adjective for “full, filled” derived from the root √KWAT “fill” (PE17/68; PE23/101; Ety/KWAT).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s ᴱQ. qanta “full” derived from the early root ᴱ√QṆTṆ (QL/78). The contemporaneous Qenya Phonology had a variant ᴱQ. cunta “full” with a different vocalization of ṇ; in that document qanta was glossed “whole, all” (PE12/11). In QL, there was a similar form i qanda that meant “all the, the whole” in combination with the definite article (QL/70). The word qanta was glossed “all” Qenya word-lists of the 1920s (PE16/142), and prefixal qa(qe)- meant “all, every” in Demonstrative, Relative, and Correlative Stems (DRC) from 1948 (PE23/101). In Tolkien’s later writings usually √IL meant “all”.
- Q. quanta- v. “to fill [something], *(lit.) make full; [ᴱQ.] to complete, *fulfill”
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A (probably transitive) verb for “to fill” derived from the root √KWAT of the same meaning, perhaps based more directly on the adjective quanta “full” (PE17/68). See also the basic verb quat- “fill”.
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. qanta- “fill, complete” under the early root ᴱ√QṆTṆ (QL/78), with perhaps “complete” = “*fulfill”.
- Q. quat- v. “to fill, *be filled”
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A verb for “fill” in the Quendi and Eldar essay (Q&E) from 1959-60 based on the root √KWAT of the same meaning (WJ/392). Compare with better attested quanta- “fill”. It may be that quanta- is transitive “fill [something] ” and quat- is intransitive “*be filled”, as in nén quantane i yulma “water filled the cup” vs. i yulma quante nénanen “the cup filled with water”.
- N. pannad(a)- v. “to fill [trans.]”
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One of two (Noldorin) verbs for “fill” in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing in its present or infinitive form pannod under the root ᴹ√KWAT (Ety/KWAT). This verb is sometimes interpreted as an a-verb panna-, but I think it is more likely to be a half-strong verb pannad(a)-. I think it may also be transitive, as opposed to intransitive pathra-.
- S. pant adj. “full; [G.] (with article) the whole, all the”
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A word for “full” implied by the name Panthael “Fullwise” (SD/126). The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. pant “full” under the root ᴹ√KWAT (Ety/KWAT).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. cwant “full” which with the definite article meant “the whole, all the” (GL/28), clearly based on the early root ᴱ√QṆTṆ and cognate to ᴱQ. qanta “full” (QL/78). As originally written, the entry in the Gnomish Lexicon had two words: cwanta “the whole, all the” and cwint “full”, both deleted and combined into cwant.
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I think pant might retain its Gnomish idiom: i nôr bant “the full land” = “the whole land, all the land”.
- N. pathra- v. “to fill [intr.]”
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One of two verbs for “fill” in The Etymologies of the 1930s appearing in its (Noldorin) infinitive form pathro under the root ᴹ√KWAT (Ety/KWAT). I think this verb may be intransitive given related pathred “fullness”. If pathra- were transitive I would expected pathred to be “**filling”.
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. {cwinta- >>} cwintha- “to fill” (GL/28), clearly based on the early root ᴱ√QṆTṆ and cognate to ᴱQ. qanta- “fill, complete” (QL/78).
- N. pathred adj. “fullness”
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A word for “fullness” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, noun form of N. pathra- “fill” (Ety/KWAT). It might be a gerund with the sense “*being filled”.