11.73 Gain, Profit G. gam(m)a- v. “to gain; to be profitable, bring in revenue; ⚠️gain, profit, interest (on moneys), increase” A word appearing as G. {gamba- >>} gama- or gamma- in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, appearing twice with two different translations: “gain, profit, interest (on moneys), increase” and
Select Elvish Words 11.66-11.69: Account, Surety, Tax
11.66 Account, Reckoning Q. not- v. “to count, ⚠️[ᴹQ.] reckon” A verb for “count” (PE17/63), most notable as an element in the adjective únótima “numberless, countless, (lit.) uncountable” from the phrase yéni únótimë ve rámar aldaron “long years numberless as the wings of trees” in the Namárië “poem” (LotR/377). In
Select Elvish Words 11.64: Debt
11.64 Debt ᴹQ. nauta adj. “bound, obliged” An adjective for “bound, obliged” in The Etymologies of the 1930s based on the root ᴹ√NUT “tie, bind” (Ety/NUT). ᴱQ. paitya- v. “to repay, requite” A verb appearing as ᴱQ. paitya- “repay, requite” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early
Select Elvish Words 11.54-11.57: Avaricious, to Steal, Thief
11.54 Stingy, Avaricious ᴹQ. milka adj. “greedy” An adjective for “greedy” in The Etymologies under the root ᴹ√MIL-IK (Ety/MIL-IK). ᴹQ. milme n. “greed, desire” A noun in The Etymologies glossed “desire, greed” under the root ᴹ√MIL-IK (Ety/MIL-IK). N. melch adh. “greedy” An adjective for “greedy” in The Etymologies under the
Select Elvish Words 11.51-11.53: Rich, Poor, Beggar
11.51 Rich ᴹQ. herenya adj. “wealthy, rich, blessed, fortunat” A word in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “fortunate, wealthy, blessed, rich”, an adjectival form of ᴹQ. heren “fortune” under the root ᴹ√KHER “rule, govern, possess” (Ety/KHER). Tolkien indicated the literal meaning of the noun was “governance”, and its actual
Select Elvish Words 11.48: Heir
11.48 Heir ᴹQ. aryon n. “heir” Two similar words appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s: ᴹQ. aryon “heir” as a derivative of the root ᴹ√GAR, and ᴹQ. haryon “(heir) prince” as a derivative of the root ᴹ√ƷAR, both roots having to do with possession (Ety/GAR; Ety/ƷAR). Drafts of these
Select Elvish Words 11.43-11.46: Money, Coin, Treasure
11.43 Money ᴱN. pant n. “money” A word appearing as ᴱN. pant “money” in the Early Noldorin Grammar of the 1920s (PE13/124), possibly related to the early root ᴱ√PANA “arrange” (QL/72). Tolkien indicated this noun was inherently plural. Neo-Sindarin: Since √PAN “arrange” survived in Tolkien’s later writings, I would retain
Select Elvish Words 11.41-11.42: Property, Wealth
11.41 Property Q. aura n. “possession, thing owned” A noun for “a possession or thing owned” in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) from 1969, derived from √AW “possess, own, keep” (PE22/151). ᴱQ. autë n. “property, ⚠️goods, wealth, money” A noun for “goods, property, wealth, money” in the Qenya Lexicon
Select Elvish Words 11.33-11.34: to Lose; to Release
11.33 to Lose Q. rov- v. “to lose” A verb for “to lose” appearing in notes from the late 1940s in its perfect form róvie “[had] lost” (PE23/92). G. laith(r)a- v. “to let slip, lose, mislay; (intr.) to be lost; to forget” A verb appearing as G. laitha- or laithra-
Select Elvish Words 11.31-11.32: to Seek; to Find
11.31 to Seek Q. ces- [þ] v. “to search, examine (in order to find something)” A verb in notes from 1964 meaning “to search (for something), to examine (something) in order to find (something)”, based on the root √KEÞ “enquire of, question, or examine something” (PE17/156). Conceptual Development: The Qenya