14.13 New
- Q. céva adj. “fresh, new, ⚠️renewed”
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A word appearing in notes from the late 1960s mostly as kéva but in one place with a variant keu, variously glossed “fresh, new, renewed” and derived from the root √KEW (VT48/7-8).
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. loite “fresh” under the early root ᴱ√LAW̯A having to do with life (QL/052). The Etymologies of the 1930s had ᴹQ. virya “fresh” derived from the root ᴹ√WIR “new, fresh, young” (EtyAC/WIR).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would only use céva for “fresh, new” and would instead use ceura for “renewed”. I would also retain [ᴹQ.] virya “fresh” on the basis of Q. Víressë “April” from The Lord of the Rings appendices (LotR/1110), probably meaning “*Freshness”.
- ᴹQ. sinya adj. “new, *current, contemporary, of the now”
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A word for “new” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, an adjective based on the root ᴹ√SI “this, here, now” (Ety/SI).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I assume sinya is “new” in the sense “*current, contemporary, of the now”, as opposed to Q. vinya “new” in the sense “young, *of little age”. So “a new house” (newly built) is vinya but “our new house” (that we just moved into) is sinya.
- S. cîw adj. “fresh, new, ⚠️renewed”
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A word appearing in notes from the late 1960s variously glossed “fresh, new, renewed” and derived from the root √KEW (VT48/7-8).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would only use cîw for “fresh, new” and would instead use cŷr for “renewed”.
- N. echain adj. “new, built again”
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A word meaning “new, built again” appearing as an element in [N.] Ostechain “Town Built Again” which Tolkien considered as an alternate name for Osgiliath in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (TI/424). Roman Rausch suggested it may be based on some combination of ad- “again” and an adjectival form of √KAT “make” (EE/2.67).
- N. eden adj. “new, begun again”
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A word in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “new, begun again” under the root ᴹ√AT(AT) “again, back” (Ety/AT(AT)).
Possible Etymology: The word eden is probably based on an adjectival form *atanyā, with the y > i causing i-affection of both a to i [*eteni(a)], then intruding into the preceding syllable [*edein], and finally ei becoming e in the now-final syllable as was often the case in Noldorin of the 1930s [eden].
- S. laew adj. “fresh”
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A word for “fresh” in Quenya Notes (QN) from 1957 based on the root √LAY having to do with green and livings things (PE17/159).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. laus meaning either “juice, sap” or “energy, vitality” as well as functioning as an adjective for “fresh” (GL/53). It was likely based on the early root ᴱ√LAWA having to do with living plants from the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon (QL/52).
- N. sein adj. “new”
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A word appearing as N. sein “new” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√SI “this, here, now” (Ety/SI), cognate to [ᴹQ.] sinya “new” and thus clearly derived from *sinyā via a-affection of i to e [seni(a)] followed by i-intrusion [sein].
Neo-Sindarin: In Tolkien’s Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s ei became ai in final syllables, so many Neo-Sindarin writers adapt this word as ᴺS. sain “new” as suggested in Hiswelókë’s Sindarin Dictionary (HSD).
- N. siniath n. “news, tidings”
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A word for “news, tidings” in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a class plural form of N. sein “new” (Ety/SI), so “*all that is new in this context”.