14.14 Young
- ᴹQ. nése n. “youth”
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A word appearing as nése or nesse “youth” in the The Etymologies of the 1930s, the former probably derived from ᴹ✶nēthē based on the root ᴹ√NETH “young” (Ety/NETH).
- ᴹQ. nessa adj. “young”
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An adjective glossed “young” in the The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from ᴹ✶neth-rā under the root ᴹ√NETH of the same meaning (Ety/NETH).
- ᴹQ. nessima adj. “youthful”
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A word for “youthful” in the The Etymologies of the 1930s, an adjectival form of ᴹQ. nesse “youth” (Ety/NETH).
- Q. vínë n. “youth”
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A word for “youth” appearing in Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) from 1959 derived from the root √WIN “young” (PE17/191).
Conceptual Development: The Etymologies of the 1930s had ᴹQ. vírie “youth” under the root ᴹ√WIR “new, fresh, young” (EtyAC/WIR).
- Q. vinya adj. “young, new”
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A word for “young” appearing in Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) from 1959 derived from the root √WIN of the same meaning (PE17/191). In The Etymologies of the 1930s, ᴹQ. vinya was glossed “young” and was derived from the root ᴹ√WINI (EtyAC/WIR). It replaced {winya} “new, fresh, young” under the deleted root ᴹ√GWIN (EtyAC/GWIN). Vinya appeared as an element in various names and was sometimes translated “new” instead of “young”, such as Vinyamar “New Dwelling” and Vinyalondë “New Haven”.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would assume the main sense of this word is “young”, but can also be used for “new” in the sense “of little age”. For “new” in the sense “of the current time”, I would instead use [ᴹQ.] sinya.
- Q. vinyamo n. “youngster”
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A word for “youngster” in notes from around 1968 (VT47/26). It is clearly a combination of vinya “young” and the agental suffix -mo as suggested by Patrick Wynne.
- Q. vinyarë n. “youth, *young adulthood”
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A term for the most vigorous period life of an Elf’s life, roughly the first 10,000 years of adulthood, after which an Elf entered “middle age” with (very) slowly waning strength and a loss in interest in child-bearing (NM/85). Tolkien translated this word as “youth”, but it actually refers more to “*young adulthood”. A more general term for “youth” (including childhood) is vínë.
- S. gwain adj. “young, *new”
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This word, the cognate of Q. vinya, is directly attested in the form gwein in Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) of 1959 (PE17/191). Given its use in canonical names like Iarwain “Old-young” and Narwain “January, *New-fire”, it clearly should be gwain in modern speech since ei became ai in Sindarin except in non-final syllables. It is derived from the root √WIN, also meaning “young”.
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. gân “young” (GL/37) and G. gwiw, gwion, gwiog “young” (GL/42), the latter based the early root ᴱ√gu̯iu̯ or ᴱ√guı̯u̯. The Etymologies of the 1930s has N. {bîn} >> gwîn “young”, reflecting a change of the root from ᴹ√GWIN “new, fresh” to ᴹ√WINI “new, fresh, young” (EtyAC/GWIN; EtyAC/WIR).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, the word gwain might also be use to mean “*new” = “of little age” like its Quenya cognate vinya. Compare also [ᴺS.] sain “new” = “of the current time”. See those entries for discussion.
- S. gwîn n. “youth”
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A word for “youth” in Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) of 1959, derived from the root √WIN “young” and cognate to Q. vínë (PE17/191).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. ganos “youth” (GL/37) and G. gwioth, guith “youth” (GL/42), the latter based the early root ᴱ√gu̯iu̯ or ᴱ√guı̯u̯.
- N. neth adj. “young”
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A word for “young” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from ᴹ✶nethrā under the root ᴹ√NETH of the same meaning (Ety/NETH). It is not clear why the r in the primitive form was lost.
- N. nîth n. “youth”
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A word for “youth” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from ᴹ✶nēthē under the root ᴹ√NETH “young” (Ety/NETH).