14.22 Slow
- ᴱQ. lenka adj. “slow, ⚠️dull, stiff; left (hand)”
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A word appearing as ᴱQ. lenka in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “slow, dull, stiff”, also meaning “left (hand)”, derived from the early roots ᴱ√LEKE or ᴱ√LENE¹ (QL/52, 53).
Neo-Quenya: I would retain ᴺQ. lenca “slow” for purposes of Neo-Quenya, as we have no other words with this meaning in Tolkien’s later writings. It might be derived from some Neo-Root ᴺ√LEKEN. However, I would disconnect this word from “left” as a direction, since in Tolkien’s later writings he said Elves were ambidextrous and did not have negative associations with the left-hand direction.
14.23 to Hurry, Hasten
- ᴹQ. horta- v. “to send flying, speed, urge”
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A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “send flying, speed, urge” derived from the root ᴹ√KHOR “set going, put in motion, urge on” (Ety/KHOR). In drafts of this entry, it was glossed “urge, encourage” (EtyAC/KHOR).
Conceptual Development: In Early Qenya word-lists of the 1920s, Tolkien had ᴱQ. hur- “speed” (PE16/133).
- ᴹQ. orme n. “haste, violence, wrath, rushing”
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A word in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “haste, violence, wrath” derived from the root ᴹ√GOR “violence, impetus, haste” (Ety/GOR). In the entry for the root ᴹ√KHOR, Tolkien said orme was confused with ᴹQ. horme “urgency” and thus had the sense “rushing” (Ety/KHOR).
Conceptual Development: In Early Noldorin word-lists of the 1920s, Tolkien had ᴱQ. orosta as the cognate of ᴱN. oroth “impetus, speed, haste, rash courage”, both derived from primitive ᴱ✶orotse (PE13/151).
- ᴹQ. orna adj. “hasty”
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An adjective for “hasty” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√GOR “violence, impetus, haste” (Ety/GOR).
- Q. tyelca adj. “hasty; [ᴹQ.] agile, swift”
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An element in the name Tyelcormo (Quenya name of S. Celegorm), translated as “hasty” and derived from ✶k[y]elekā in notes from the late 1960s, cognate to Q. celeg (VT41/10). ᴹQ. tyelka also appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with cognate N. celeg, both derived from the root ᴹ√KYELEK “swift, agile” and so presumably with the same meaning (Ety/KYELEK).
14.24 to Delay
- Q. hampa adj. “restrained, delayed, kept”
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An adjective meaning “restrained, delayed, kept” from 1967 notes as a derivative of √KHAP “retain, keep, detain” (PE17/68).
- G. bodra- v. “to hinder, delay, tarry”
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A verb (both transitive and intransitive) appearing as G. bodra- “hinder, delay, tarry” in the Gnomish Lexicon based on G. bod “behind, back, of time ago” (GL/23).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would instead use ᴺQ. hebia- “to delay, retain, keep (temporarily)” based on √KHAP “retain, keep, detain”. This neologism arose in a conversation on Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS) from 01-25-2020.